Describe the Basic Structure and Function of Sugars

Sweet has the molecular formula C6H12O6. The bond linking these structures is known as a glycoside bond.

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View Carbohydrates from BIOLOGY Biology at The Frisch School.

. From the manufacture of DNA to respiration in cells. Identify a general characteristic of lipids. Active group of the sugar hence preventing it from reacting.

Identify functional groups of carbohydrates. Students should be able to explain and apply core concepts of macromolecular structure and function including the nature of biological macromolecules their interaction with water the relationship between structure and function and frequently encountered mechanisms for regulating their function. -Densely compacted into chromosomes to fit into nucleus.

Because only the base differs in each of the four types of subunits each polynucleotide chain in DNA is analogous to a necklace the backbone strung with four types of beads the four bases. Describe the basic structure and function of sugars. Most organisms create energy by breaking down the monosaccharide glucose and harvesting the energy released from the bonds.

It is the source of energy in cell function and the regulation of its metabolism is of great importance see fermentation. Students will be able to describe the basic structure and. Name 3 saccharides and describe their functions.

The nucleotides are covalently linked together in a chain through the sugars and phosphates which thus form a backbone of alternating sugar-phosphate-sugar-phosphate see Figure 4-3. Structure of Disaccharides Sucrose The most common disaccharide is sucrose which gives D -- glucose and D--- fructose on hydrolysis. Other monosaccharides are used to form long fibers which can be used as a form of cellular.

Filamentous appendage to give motility. Macromolecular structure determines function and regulation. A sugar molecule is an organic compound in the saccharide family of carbohydrates that is composed of carbon hydrogen and oxygen.

View Sugars and Carbspdf from BIOLOGY 304 at Lebanon Valley College. Both glucose and fructose have the same molecular formula C6H12O6 and are hexoses 6 C. Glucose and fructose are connected through the glycosidic linkage between alpha glucose and second carbon beta fructose.

Biosynthesis will be considered in a separate paper To take but a single example to illustrate the above proposition one might consider the structure of the repeating disaccharide of dermatan sulphate. Describe the structure and function of carbohydrates. Sugar is an important source of energy to the human body.

First and foremost monosaccharides are used to produce and store energy. Addition of a phosphate group to the sugar residue of a nucleoside molecule produces a different molecule called a nucleotide. Produces a movement for spirochetes.

Both the monosaccharides ie. If the sugar has an aldehyde group the functional group with the structure R-CHO it is known as an aldose and if it has a ketone group the functional group with the structure RCOR it is known as a ketose. Simple sugars are also subdivided into aldose a sugar that contains an aldehyde structure or ketose a sugar that contains a ketone group.

Sucrose is a non-reducing sugar as both the reducing groups of glucose and fructose. Glucose from Greek glykys. Terms in this set 17 What is the structure of DNA.

In our diet include sugars. A nucleotide contains a pentose sugar. Distinguish between monosaccharides disaccharides and.

Up in the bond between its two monomers. Aldotetrose ketopentose etc Label carbohydrates as either D- or L-enantiomers. Describe the basic structure and function of sugars carbohydrates.

Nucleotides at least contain one. It is a carbohydrate which is the most essential fuel for the brain and it provides the body with the energy needed for various other organs to function. If the sugar residue is ribose then we have a ribonucleoside whereas if it is deoxyribose then we have a deoxyribonucleoside.

Learn about the structure and formula of monosaccharides. Jakie Birman 106 Carbohydrates 1. Monosaccharides have many functions within cells.

Sugar coat that surrounds the cells. Most monosaccharides in animal tissues are of 5 C and 6 C sugars. DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid contains deoxyribose sugar and RNA Ribonucleic acid contains a ribose sugar.

Sucrose or table sugar is the main source of sugar in most parts of the world. -composed of polynucleotides -- have a phosphate group deoxyribose sugar and a nitrogen containing bases adenine thymine cytosine and guanine -Has a doubled helix that is formed by hydrogen bonds between polynucleotides. Only 10 of any sugar can be.

Between sugar units and polypeptides and the consequences of this. The basic function of sugars. It is found in fruits and honey and is the major free sugar circulating in the blood of higher animals.

Draw the mirror image of a carbohydrate molecule. Slide 1 2-1 Objectives. Structure and Function of Saccharides.

This job as they oxidize very easily. Bundles of fibrils that arise at the ends of the cell beneath an outer sheath and spiral around the cell. Functions of Polysaccharides Polysaccharides form a crucial part of cell function and structure.

A Nitrogenous base attached with the sugar is called Nucleoside. The glucose molecule is small enough to be absorbed directly through the walls of the digestive system but starch is a polymer of glucose. Phosphate is attached to the sugar of nucleoside by an ester bond with the 5 th C hydroxyl group.

Polysaccharides such as starch and glycogen are called storage polysaccharides because they are stored in the liver and muscles to be converted to energy later for body functions. Give general name for a carbohydrate molecule ie.

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